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      MAT123 Spring 2025 Notes

9.4 Rare Events, the Sample, Decision and Conclusion

a) Define p-value

b) Discuss the relationship between p-value and hypothesis testing

c) Identify p-value for HT in a normal curve sketch.

d) Decision and conclusion for HT

9.5 Additional information and Full Hypothesis Test (HT) Examples

a) Level of significance

b) Identify random variables relevant to applied problem

c) Hypothesis test examples for mean using z distribution

d) Set level of significance, calculate p-values, make a decision, and formulate a conclusion for a HT

      Use of a p-value is more powerful than an alpha level of confidence statement in the summary of a hypothesis test.

      Read a Brief Summary of A Hypothesis Test

P-value, from page: Brief Summary of A Hypothesis Test         Recall, the p-value is "the probability a score is in the extreme of the test statistic."         The p-value gives you the level of confidence you have in a one-tail test if you compute 1 - (p-value).         The calculator makes the computation easy, something not available before calculators.

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